Kitten Adoption Las Vegas: Find Your Purrfect Companion

Are you looking to adopt a kitten in Las Vegas? Bringing a kitten into your home is a rewarding experience, filled with cuddles, purrs, and endless entertainment. Las Vegas has numerous shelters and rescue organizations dedicated to finding loving homes for kittens. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process of kitten adoption in Las Vegas, covering everything from finding the right kitten to preparing your home and ensuring a smooth transition for your new furry family member. We'll explore the benefits of adopting, where to find kittens, the adoption process, and tips for settling your kitten into their new life. We understand that adopting a pet is a big decision, especially a kitten as they require a lot of attention and care. We will guide you through all the steps so you can make an informed decision and be fully prepared for your new furry friend. Adopting a kitten is a long-term commitment, so it's important to make sure you're ready for the responsibility. If you’re in the Las Vegas area and considering adding a feline companion to your family, this guide is for you.

Why Choose Kitten Adoption in Las Vegas?

Kitten adoption in Las Vegas offers a multitude of benefits, both for you and the kitten. Firstly, you’re giving a deserving animal a second chance at a happy life. Many kittens in shelters and rescues have been abandoned, lost, or come from unfortunate circumstances. By adopting, you’re providing a loving home and a secure future for a vulnerable animal. Shelters and rescue organizations are often overcrowded, and adopting a kitten helps alleviate this problem, freeing up space and resources to care for other animals in need. Adopting also helps to reduce the number of animals euthanized due to lack of space or resources. When you choose to adopt, you’re making a positive impact on animal welfare in your community.

Moreover, kitten adoption in Las Vegas is often more cost-effective than buying from a breeder. Adoption fees typically cover essential veterinary care, including vaccinations, deworming, and spaying/neutering. This can save you significant money in initial healthcare costs compared to purchasing a kitten from a breeder, where these expenses would be your responsibility. Additionally, adopted kittens have often already received some basic socialization and may have been assessed for any potential health or behavioral issues. Shelters and rescues work diligently to match kittens with appropriate homes, taking into account the kitten’s personality and needs, as well as the adopter’s lifestyle and experience. This increases the likelihood of a successful adoption and a harmonious relationship between you and your new kitten. Furthermore, you'll have the satisfaction of knowing you've made a difference in an animal's life and supported the valuable work of local shelters and rescues. Many of these organizations rely on donations and adoption fees to continue their life-saving work. By choosing adoption, you're contributing to a compassionate community that values animal welfare. Adopting a kitten can also teach responsibility and compassion to children, and create a stronger family bond as everyone cares for the new pet together.

The Emotional Rewards of Kitten Adoption

Beyond the practical benefits, kitten adoption in Las Vegas brings immense emotional rewards. Kittens are known for their playful antics, affectionate nature, and ability to bring joy to their human companions. Watching a kitten explore its surroundings, chase toys, and curl up for a nap is a heartwarming experience. The companionship of a kitten can reduce stress and loneliness, and provide a constant source of love and affection. Many studies have shown that pet ownership can lower blood pressure and increase levels of endorphins, contributing to overall well-being. A kitten's playful energy can bring laughter and lightheartedness into your home. They have a knack for turning ordinary moments into delightful experiences, whether it's batting at a dangling toy or pouncing on an unsuspecting dust bunny. The bond you form with a kitten is unique and special. They offer unconditional love and acceptance, and their presence can be incredibly comforting. Kittens have a way of knowing when you need a cuddle or a purring companion, and their affection can be a great source of emotional support. They also provide a sense of routine and purpose, as their care requires regular feeding, playtime, and attention. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals who may be feeling isolated or depressed. In addition to emotional benefits, adopting a kitten can also enhance your social life. Bringing your kitten to the vet or pet store can be a great way to meet other pet owners and share stories and advice. You may even find that your kitten becomes a conversation starter, helping you connect with new people who share your love of animals. Adopting a kitten is a decision that can enrich your life in countless ways, providing companionship, joy, and a deep sense of fulfillment.

Where to Find Kittens for Adoption in Las Vegas

Finding kittens for kitten adoption in Las Vegas is easier than you might think, thanks to the many dedicated shelters and rescue organizations in the area. Several reputable organizations specialize in rescuing and rehoming cats and kittens, providing them with the care they need until they find their forever homes. These organizations often have a wide variety of kittens available, each with their own unique personality and story. One of the first places to start your search is the Animal Foundation, the largest open-admission shelter in Nevada. They take in thousands of animals each year and have a robust adoption program. Their website is updated daily with new arrivals, and they often host adoption events to help animals find homes. Another excellent resource is Heaven Can Wait Animal Society, a non-profit organization dedicated to reducing pet overpopulation through spay/neuter programs and adoption services. They have a network of foster homes, so you can often find kittens being cared for in a home environment, which can give you a better sense of their personality and temperament.

Another fantastic option for kitten adoption in Las Vegas is the Nevada SPCA, which focuses on rescuing and rehoming animals in need. They have a comprehensive adoption process that includes matching kittens with appropriate adopters based on their needs and lifestyle. The Las Vegas Valley Humane Society is another valuable resource, offering adoption services and working to promote animal welfare in the community. They often have kittens available for adoption and provide resources and support for new pet owners. In addition to these larger organizations, there are also numerous smaller rescues and foster-based groups in Las Vegas that specialize in cats and kittens. These groups often operate on a smaller scale but are equally dedicated to finding loving homes for their animals. You can find listings for these groups on websites like Petfinder and Adopt-a-Pet, which allow you to search for adoptable kittens by location, breed, and other criteria. When exploring different adoption options, it's important to visit the shelters or rescue organizations in person, if possible. This will give you the opportunity to meet the kittens, observe their behavior, and talk to the staff or volunteers about their individual needs. You can also ask about the kitten's history, health, and temperament to help you make an informed decision. Many shelters and rescues also offer trial periods or foster-to-adopt programs, which allow you to take a kitten home for a short time to see if it's a good fit for your family before committing to adoption. This can be a great way to ensure that you and your new kitten are happy together.

Online Resources for Finding Kittens

In today's digital age, online resources are invaluable for finding kittens available for kitten adoption in Las Vegas. Websites like Petfinder, Adopt-a-Pet, and even social media platforms offer extensive listings of kittens in need of homes. These platforms allow you to filter your search based on criteria such as age, breed, location, and temperament, making it easier to find a kitten that matches your preferences and lifestyle. Petfinder is one of the most well-known and comprehensive online databases of adoptable pets. It partners with thousands of shelters and rescue organizations across North America, including many in the Las Vegas area. You can search for kittens by zip code and specify other preferences such as age, gender, and breed. Each listing typically includes photos, a description of the kitten's personality and history, and contact information for the shelter or rescue organization. Adopt-a-Pet is another popular website that connects potential adopters with homeless pets. It has a user-friendly interface and a large database of adoptable animals. You can search for kittens in your area and learn about their personalities and needs. Adopt-a-Pet also offers resources and advice for new pet owners, helping you prepare for the adoption process and provide the best possible care for your new kitten. Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram have also become powerful tools for animal adoption. Many shelters and rescues have their own social media pages where they post photos and information about adoptable kittens. You can also find local animal rescue groups on Facebook and follow them to stay updated on their activities and see new kittens that are available for adoption. Social media can be a great way to see photos and videos of kittens in action, which can give you a better sense of their personality and energy level. In addition to shelter and rescue pages, there are also many community-based groups on Facebook where people share information about lost and found pets, as well as animals in need of homes. Joining these groups can help you stay informed about local adoption opportunities and connect with other animal lovers in your community. When using online resources to find a kitten, it's important to be cautious and verify the legitimacy of the organization or individual offering the kitten for adoption. Always meet the kitten in person before making a decision, and ask plenty of questions about their history, health, and temperament. A reputable shelter or rescue organization will be transparent and willing to provide you with all the information you need to make an informed choice. They will also have an adoption process in place that includes an application, interview, and possibly a home visit, to ensure that the kitten is going to a safe and loving home.

The Kitten Adoption Process in Las Vegas

Understanding the kitten adoption process in Las Vegas is crucial to ensuring a smooth and successful experience. While specific procedures may vary slightly between different shelters and rescue organizations, the general steps remain consistent. Typically, the first step involves browsing available kittens online or visiting the shelter in person. Take your time to look at the different kittens and consider which one might be the best fit for your lifestyle and family. Consider factors such as the kitten's age, personality, energy level, and any special needs they may have. Once you've identified a kitten that interests you, the next step is usually to fill out an adoption application. This application will ask for information about your living situation, your experience with pets, and your reasons for wanting to adopt. Shelters and rescues use this information to ensure that their kittens are going to safe and loving homes. Be honest and thorough in your application, as this will help the organization make the best possible match. After submitting your application, you may be contacted for an interview. This interview can take place in person or over the phone, and it's an opportunity for the shelter or rescue to learn more about you and your lifestyle. You can also ask any questions you have about the kitten or the adoption process. The interview is a crucial part of the process, as it allows the organization to assess whether you're a good fit for the kitten and vice versa.

Following the interview, some organizations may conduct a home visit. This is a chance for them to see your living environment and make sure it's safe and suitable for a kitten. They may look for potential hazards such as exposed wires, toxic plants, or unsecured windows. A home visit is not meant to be intrusive, but rather to ensure that the kitten will be living in a secure and comfortable environment. If your application is approved and the home visit is successful (if applicable), the next step is to sign an adoption contract. This contract outlines your responsibilities as a pet owner and the shelter's or rescue's policies regarding the kitten's care. Read the contract carefully and make sure you understand all the terms and conditions before signing. You will also typically pay an adoption fee at this point, which helps to cover the shelter's or rescue's expenses for caring for the kitten. The adoption fee may vary depending on the organization and the age and breed of the kitten. Finally, you'll schedule a time to pick up your new kitten. Before taking your kitten home, make sure you have everything you need to care for them, including food, water, a litter box, toys, and a carrier for transport. The shelter or rescue will likely provide you with the kitten's medical records and any other relevant information, such as their feeding schedule and any known behavioral issues. It's important to maintain regular veterinary care for your kitten and to follow the advice of your veterinarian regarding vaccinations, deworming, and other preventative care. Adopting a kitten is a significant commitment, so it's essential to be prepared for the responsibility and to provide your new furry friend with the love, care, and attention they deserve.

Essential Questions to Ask Before Adopting

Before finalizing the kitten adoption process in Las Vegas, it's essential to ask the shelter or rescue organization a few key questions. These questions will help you make an informed decision and ensure that you're prepared to provide the best possible care for your new kitten. One of the first questions to ask is about the kitten's medical history. Has the kitten been vaccinated and dewormed? Has it been spayed or neutered? Are there any known health issues or concerns? Understanding the kitten's medical background will help you anticipate any potential health needs and ensure that you can provide appropriate care. It's also important to ask about the kitten's personality and temperament. Is the kitten playful, shy, affectionate, or independent? Does it get along well with other cats or dogs? Knowing the kitten's personality will help you determine if it's a good fit for your household and lifestyle. If you have young children or other pets, it's especially important to choose a kitten that is known to be good with them. Another crucial question to ask is about the kitten's history. Where did the kitten come from? Was it found as a stray, or was it surrendered by its previous owner? Understanding the kitten's history can provide valuable insights into its behavior and needs. For example, a kitten that was found as a stray may be more cautious or fearful initially, while a kitten that was surrendered by its owner may be grieving the loss of its previous home. You should also ask about the kitten's feeding schedule and dietary needs. What type of food is the kitten currently eating? Does it have any allergies or sensitivities? Following the kitten's current feeding schedule and diet can help prevent digestive upset and ensure a smooth transition to its new home. It's important to gradually transition to a new food if necessary, rather than making a sudden change. In addition to these questions, you should also ask about the shelter's or rescue's policies regarding adoption returns. What happens if the adoption doesn't work out? Is there a trial period or a return policy? Understanding these policies will give you peace of mind and ensure that you have a backup plan if needed. Finally, don't hesitate to ask any other questions you may have. The staff and volunteers at the shelter or rescue organization are there to help you find the perfect kitten and ensure a successful adoption. They have a wealth of knowledge and experience, and they can provide valuable advice and support.

Preparing Your Home for Your New Kitten

Before bringing your adopted kitten home, it's essential to prepare your living space to ensure a safe and comfortable environment. Preparing your home involves creating a kitten-friendly atmosphere and minimizing potential hazards. One of the first steps is to designate a safe room for your kitten. This should be a quiet and comfortable space where your kitten can adjust to its new surroundings without feeling overwhelmed. The room should include a litter box, food and water bowls, a scratching post, toys, and a cozy bed or blanket. A spare bathroom, guest room, or even a quiet corner of your living room can serve as a safe room. Make sure the room is free of any potential hazards, such as toxic plants, cleaning supplies, or electrical cords. Kittens are curious and playful, and they may try to chew on or explore anything within their reach. It's important to secure or remove any items that could be harmful to your kitten.

Another crucial step in preparing your home is to kitten-proof your living space. This involves identifying and addressing potential dangers throughout your home. Start by securing any loose electrical cords, as kittens may chew on them, which can lead to electrocution. You can use cord protectors or conceal the cords behind furniture. Also, make sure to keep cleaning supplies, medications, and other potentially toxic substances out of reach. Store these items in locked cabinets or on high shelves. Many houseplants are poisonous to cats, so it's best to remove them from your home or place them in areas that your kitten cannot access. Common toxic plants include lilies, poinsettias, and azaleas. If you're unsure whether a plant is safe, it's best to err on the side of caution and remove it. Windows and balconies can also pose a risk to kittens. Make sure that windows are securely screened to prevent falls, and avoid leaving balconies unattended. Kittens are agile and curious, but they can easily slip or fall if they're not properly supervised. In addition to safety measures, it's also important to create a stimulating environment for your kitten. Provide plenty of toys, such as balls, toy mice, and feather wands, to keep your kitten entertained and engaged. Scratching posts are essential for cats, as they allow them to stretch their muscles and groom their claws. Place scratching posts in various locations throughout your home to encourage your kitten to use them instead of your furniture. Vertical cat trees are also a great way to provide climbing and perching opportunities for your kitten. These structures allow your kitten to explore and observe its surroundings from a safe height. Finally, consider your existing pets when preparing for your new kitten. If you have other cats or dogs, it's important to introduce them gradually and supervise their interactions. Start by keeping your kitten in its safe room and allowing the animals to sniff each other under the door. Gradually introduce them in person for short periods, and always supervise their interactions. With patience and careful planning, you can create a harmonious environment for all of your pets.

Essential Supplies for Your New Kitten

Having the right supplies on hand is essential for a smooth kitten adoption in Las Vegas transition. Before you bring your new kitten home, make sure you have the following items: A high-quality kitten food is crucial for your kitten's growth and development. Look for a food that is specifically formulated for kittens and contains a balance of protein, fat, and essential nutrients. Your veterinarian can recommend a suitable brand and type of food. Fresh water should always be available to your kitten. Use a clean water bowl and change the water daily. You can also consider a water fountain, which can encourage your kitten to drink more water. A litter box is a necessity for a kitten. Choose a litter box that is appropriately sized for your kitten and place it in a quiet and accessible location. Scoop the litter box daily and clean it thoroughly once a week. Cat litter comes in various types, such as clay, clumping, and crystal. Experiment to find the type that works best for you and your kitten. Food and water bowls should be made of a non-toxic material, such as stainless steel or ceramic. Avoid plastic bowls, as they can harbor bacteria and may cause allergic reactions in some cats. A scratching post is essential for your kitten's physical and mental well-being. Scratching is a natural behavior for cats, and a scratching post will help prevent your kitten from scratching your furniture. Cat toys are important for providing mental stimulation and exercise for your kitten. Choose a variety of toys, such as balls, toy mice, feather wands, and puzzle toys. Rotate the toys regularly to keep your kitten interested. A cozy bed or blanket will provide your kitten with a comfortable place to sleep and relax. You can purchase a cat bed or simply use a soft blanket or towel. A pet carrier is essential for transporting your kitten to the veterinarian or other locations. Choose a carrier that is sturdy and well-ventilated. A brush or comb is important for grooming your kitten. Regular grooming will help prevent mats and tangles and will also strengthen the bond between you and your kitten. Finally, a first-aid kit is a must-have for any pet owner. Include items such as antiseptic wipes, bandages, gauze, and a pet thermometer. It's also important to have your veterinarian's contact information readily available. By having these essential supplies on hand, you'll be well-prepared to welcome your new kitten into your home and provide them with the care they need to thrive.

Settling Your Kitten into Their New Home

Settling a new kitten into their home is a delicate process that requires patience, understanding, and a gentle approach. Settling your kitten comfortably involves creating a calm and secure environment where they can gradually adjust to their new surroundings. When you first bring your kitten home, take them directly to their safe room. This room should be prepared with all the essentials, including a litter box, food and water bowls, a scratching post, toys, and a cozy bed. Place the carrier on the floor, open the door, and allow the kitten to come out at their own pace. Don't force them to come out, as this can be stressful. Once the kitten emerges, allow them to explore the room and get familiar with their new surroundings. Avoid overwhelming them with attention at first. Let them sniff around and investigate at their own speed. Spend some time in the room with your kitten, but don't try to pick them up or cuddle them until they seem comfortable with your presence. Speak softly and gently to them, and offer them some treats or toys.

During the initial days, it's important to limit your kitten's access to the rest of the house. Settling your kitten in one room helps them feel more secure and prevents them from getting lost or overwhelmed. Spend time with your kitten in their safe room each day, playing with them, cuddling them, and getting to know their personality. Once your kitten seems comfortable in their safe room, you can gradually start to introduce them to other parts of the house. Supervise these initial explorations and make sure that the areas are safe and kitten-proofed. Allow your kitten to explore for short periods, and then return them to their safe room. Gradually increase the amount of time they spend outside their safe room as they become more confident. When introducing your kitten to other pets, it's important to do so gradually and carefully. Start by keeping the animals separated and allowing them to sniff each other under the door. Then, introduce them in person for short periods, always under supervision. If the animals seem tense or aggressive, separate them immediately and try again later. It may take several days or even weeks for your kitten to fully adjust to their new home and bond with your existing pets. Be patient and consistent, and reward positive interactions with treats and praise. It's also important to establish a routine for your kitten. Feed them at the same times each day, provide regular playtime, and clean the litter box daily. A consistent routine will help your kitten feel more secure and will make it easier for them to adjust to their new life. If your kitten seems anxious or fearful, there are several things you can do to help them feel more comfortable. Provide plenty of hiding places, such as cardboard boxes or cat tunnels. Use calming pheromone diffusers or sprays, which can help reduce anxiety in cats. And most importantly, be patient and understanding. It takes time for a kitten to adjust to a new home, and your love and support will make all the difference.

Dealing with Common Kitten Adoption Challenges

Even with careful planning, you may encounter some challenges when settling your new kitten into their home. Being prepared to dealing with common kitten adoption challenges will help you navigate these issues and ensure a smooth transition for both you and your kitten. One common challenge is litter box avoidance. If your kitten isn't using the litter box, there could be several reasons. The litter box may not be clean enough, the litter type may be unappealing to your kitten, or the litter box may be in an inaccessible or stressful location. Try experimenting with different types of litter and placing the litter box in a quiet, private area. Make sure to clean the litter box daily, and avoid using harsh chemicals that could deter your kitten. If the problem persists, consult with your veterinarian to rule out any medical issues. Another common challenge is scratching furniture. Scratching is a natural behavior for cats, but it can be destructive if they scratch your furniture instead of a scratching post. To prevent this, provide plenty of scratching posts in various locations throughout your home. Encourage your kitten to use the scratching posts by sprinkling them with catnip or placing toys nearby. If your kitten is scratching furniture, gently redirect them to the scratching post and reward them with praise or a treat. You can also use deterrents such as double-sided tape or citrus-scented sprays to discourage scratching on furniture. Biting and nipping are also common behaviors in kittens, especially during play. While these behaviors may seem harmless, it's important to discourage them from an early age. If your kitten bites or nips you, say "ouch" firmly and stop playing immediately. This will teach your kitten that biting leads to the end of playtime. You can also redirect their attention to a toy or offer them a chew toy instead. Avoid using your hands or feet as toys, as this can encourage biting and scratching. Some kittens may experience separation anxiety when left alone. They may meow excessively, become destructive, or have accidents outside the litter box. To help your kitten cope with separation anxiety, gradually increase the amount of time you leave them alone. Provide them with plenty of toys and enrichment activities to keep them occupied, and consider leaving on a radio or TV to provide background noise. If your kitten's separation anxiety is severe, consult with your veterinarian or a professional animal behaviorist. Finally, it's important to be patient and understanding when dealing with any challenges. Adopting a kitten is a big adjustment for both you and your new furry friend. It takes time for a kitten to adjust to a new home and develop good habits. With patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, you can help your kitten overcome any challenges and become a happy, well-adjusted member of your family.

The Long-Term Commitment of Kitten Adoption

Adopting a kitten is a significant, long-term commitment that should not be taken lightly. The long-term commitment of kitten adoption extends far beyond the initial excitement and cuddles. It involves providing consistent care, love, and support for the entire lifespan of your feline companion, which can be 15 years or more. Before adopting a kitten, it's essential to consider the responsibilities and costs associated with pet ownership. One of the primary responsibilities is providing proper veterinary care. Kittens require regular vaccinations, deworming, and check-ups to ensure they stay healthy. As they age, they may need additional veterinary care for age-related conditions or illnesses. Veterinary expenses can be significant, so it's important to factor this into your budget. Another important aspect of the long-term commitment of kitten adoption is providing a nutritious diet. Kittens need high-quality food that is specifically formulated for their growth and development. As they age, their dietary needs may change, and they may require special food for weight management or other health conditions. Providing a balanced and appropriate diet is crucial for your kitten's overall health and well-being. In addition to veterinary care and nutrition, kittens also require regular grooming. Long-haired cats may need daily brushing to prevent mats and tangles, while short-haired cats can be brushed less frequently. Regular nail trimming is also important to prevent scratching and damage to your furniture. Grooming can also be a bonding experience for you and your kitten, strengthening your relationship. Kittens need plenty of playtime and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy. Provide a variety of toys and rotate them regularly to keep your kitten engaged. Interactive playtime, such as playing with a feather wand or laser pointer, is a great way to bond with your kitten and provide them with exercise. Puzzle toys can also provide mental stimulation and prevent boredom. Cats are social animals and need companionship. If you work long hours or travel frequently, consider adopting a second cat to provide companionship for your kitten. If this isn't feasible, make sure to spend quality time with your kitten each day, playing with them, cuddling them, and giving them attention. Moving or changes in your lifestyle can also impact your ability to care for your kitten. Before adopting, consider whether your living situation is stable and whether you have the resources to care for a pet in the long term. If you move, you'll need to find a pet-friendly apartment or house and ensure that your new home is safe and suitable for your kitten. Changes in your lifestyle, such as a new job or a new family member, can also affect the amount of time and attention you can give to your kitten. It's important to consider these factors before adopting to ensure that you can provide a loving and stable home for your kitten for the rest of their life. Adopting a kitten is a wonderful experience, but it's also a significant commitment. By understanding the responsibilities and costs involved, you can ensure that you're prepared to provide the best possible care for your new furry friend and enjoy a long and happy relationship together.

Conclusion: Making a Difference Through Kitten Adoption in Las Vegas

Choosing kitten adoption in Las Vegas is not just about gaining a pet; it's about making a positive impact on a life and contributing to a compassionate community. By adopting, you provide a loving home for a deserving animal, reduce overcrowding in shelters, and support the vital work of rescue organizations. The joy and companionship that a kitten brings are immeasurable, enriching your life with purrs, cuddles, and playful antics. The process of adoption, while requiring some effort, is a fulfilling journey that leads to a unique bond with your new feline friend. Remember to explore the various shelters and rescues in Las Vegas, both online and in person, to find the kitten that steals your heart. Be prepared to ask questions, fill out applications, and potentially undergo interviews and home visits – all steps designed to ensure a perfect match.

Kitten adoption in Las Vegas is a rewarding experience that brings joy to both the adopter and the adopted. Prepare your home by creating a safe and stimulating environment, stocking up on essential supplies, and introducing your new kitten gradually to their surroundings. Be patient and understanding as your kitten adjusts, and don't hesitate to seek advice from shelters, veterinarians, or other pet owners if you encounter any challenges. The long-term commitment of pet ownership is a significant responsibility, but the love and companionship you receive in return are well worth the effort. By choosing to adopt, you're not only welcoming a new member into your family but also making a difference in the lives of animals in need. Consider the profound impact of your decision and embrace the opportunity to provide a loving forever home for a kitten in Las Vegas. Your kindness and compassion can truly change a life, and in turn, your life will be enriched by the unconditional love of your feline companion. Make a difference today – adopt a kitten and experience the joy of pet ownership.